A Risk Assessment Method Based on a Novel Distance-Include Aggregation Operator in the Probabilistic Uncertain Linguistic T-Spherical Fuzzy Sets Environment

JingYing Huang; HaoLun Wang

Authors

JingYing Huang School of Economics and Management, Nanchang Hangkong University , Industrial Engineering Nanchang, China Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3432-8173
HaoLun Wang Jiangxi Institute for Digital-Intelligent Quality Research, Nanchang, China Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-0264

Keywords:

Distance measures, Multi-attribute decision making, FMEA, PULTSF, Decision ranking

Abstract

Traditional Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) can suffer from information loss, inappropriate weighting, and limited discrimination among risk priorities. To address these limitations, this paper proposes the Probabilistic Uncertain Linguistic T-Spherical Fuzzy Set (PULTSFS) and develops a multi-attribute decision-making model based on the PULTSFDIOWA operator. The operator uses the distance between each failure mode and the positive ideal solution as an inducing variable and incorporates different weighting strategies and distance measures to aggregate risk assessment information. This approach accounts for both decision preferences and the distribution of assessment data while representing the fuzziness, hesitancy, and neutrality of expert evaluations. The model is evaluated through an illustrative example, comparative analysis, and sensitivity analysis. The results indicate improved discrimination among failure modes and greater ranking robustness compared with the traditional methods considered in the study. The proposed framework provides an approach to prioritising failure modes in complex engineering systems under uncertain expert assessments.

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